In Montana, a serious violation of 29 CFR 1926.501 (Fall Protection) carries a maximum penalty of $16,550 per violation in 2026, rising to $165,514 for a willful or repeat violation. Fall Protection is enforced for private construction employers by federal OSHA.
29 CFR 1926.501 · Montana
Fall Protection Requirements in Montana
Fall Protection in Montana: 2026 penalties, who enforces 29 CFR 1926.501, the paragraphs cited and free tools.
Verified vs OSHA sources · 2026-10-05
MontanaConstruction (29 CFR 1926)Federal OSHA Jurisdiction
In FY2025, federal OSHA cited 29 CFR 1926.501 34 times in Montana construction (37.4% of its construction citations there, the standard it cited most). The paragraph cited most was 1926.501(b)(13), residential construction, with 25 citations.
34
1926.501 citations in Montana construction, FY2025
(b)(13)
paragraph cited most in Montana (25 citations)
5.8
fatal work injuries per 100,000 full-time workers, all industries, Montana, 2024 (BLS)
Federal OSHA in Montana: 29 CFR 1926.501, FY2025
Counted · 2026-09-2634
citations of 29 CFR 1926.501 in 34 inspections
$90,409
penalties, current amounts ($99,966 as first proposed)
37.4%
of the 91 federal construction citations in Montana
In FY2025, federal OSHA cited 29 CFR 1926.501 (Fall Protection) 34 times in inspections of Montana construction employers. No standard was cited more often in those inspections. By classification: 31 serious, 1 repeat, 2 other-than-serious. Most-cited paragraphs: 1926.501(b)(13) (25), 1926.501(b)(10) (4), 1926.501(b)(1) (3).
Counted by HazComFast from the U.S. Department of Labor's OSHA enforcement data (inspection and violation tables, retrieved September 26, 2026): citations issued October 1, 2024 – September 30, 2025 on federal OSHA inspections of construction employers (NAICS 23) in the state, deleted citations excluded, penalties at current amounts. OSHA's own cited-standards tool does not break federal states out; summed over every state, this count matches it within a few citations (6,778 for 1926.501, against 6,772). data.dol.gov
What federal OSHA is targeting in Montana
Montana has no state OSHA plan for private-sector work, so there is no state rule to read. What differs here is which hazards federal OSHA schedules inspections for, as set out in published emphasis directives.
Regional Emphasis Program for Roadway Work Zone Activities
DEN-CPL-04-00-004 · Denver Regional Office · effective October 9, 2024
“This Instruction applies to all street and highway work zones within each Area Office's jurisdiction within the Denver Region.”
The Denver region targets street and highway work zones by NAICS 237310 (highway, street and bridge construction) to reduce serious injuries and fatalities during work zone activity. For a contractor in Colorado, Montana, North Dakota or South Dakota it means roadway work is selected for inspection on the nature of the site rather than on a reported hazard, and bridge and overpass work brings the fall and scaffold standards in with it.
Falls and work deaths in Montana, 2024
Montana recorded 31 fatal work injuries in 2024, down from 38 in 2023. BLS did not publish a separate 2024 count of deaths from falls, slips and trips for Montana.
Source: BLS Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, Montana, 2024
How Montana Enforces 29 CFR 1926.501
Montana has no State Plan, so federal OSHA has jurisdiction. 29 CFR 1926.501 is enforced by U.S. Department of Labor compliance officers using standard federal procedures and the federal penalty maximums.
In Montana, the FY2025 citations under 29 CFR 1926.501 went most often to Roofing Contractors (25) and Framing Contractors (5). A single inspection can produce several per-instance citations. Recurring self-audits against 29 CFR 1926.501, before an officer arrives, are the most reliable defense.
Help and oversight in Montana
Free, confidential help: OSHA On-Site Consultation
In Montana, the program is Montana Consultation Program (Montana Department of Labor & Industry - Safety & Health Bureau). OSHA describes it as “Primarily for smaller businesses, no-cost, confidential consultations help employers identify and address hazards and establish or improve safety and health programs.” It is separate from OSHA enforcement; the employer commits to correcting serious hazards.
Who inspects private employers here
Federal OSHA, from the Billings Area Office (Billings).
Read on osha.gov and the state's official statute site, September 26, 2026.
Montana Penalty Amounts for 29 CFR 1926.501 (2026)
Verified · 2026-10-05| Violation type | 2026 maximum | Basis |
|---|---|---|
| Serious | $16,550 | Federal max · 29 CFR 1903.15(d) |
| Willful | $165,514 | Federal max · 29 CFR 1903.15(d) |
| Repeat | $165,514 | Federal max · 29 CFR 1903.15(d) |
| Failure to abate | $16,550/day | up to $16,550 per day; total capped at 30x the daily amount (FOM Ch.6) |
Montana applies the federal OSHA maximums. Amounts are ceilings per violation. Federal OSHA reduces the proposed penalty for employer size, good faith and history (FOM CPL 02-00-164 Ch. 6). There was no inflation increase for 2026: the 2025 amounts remain in effect (OMB Memo M-26-11).
Key Fall Protection Requirements 29 CFR 1926.501
- Provide fall protection at 6 feet above a lower level: a guardrail, safety net, or personal fall arrest system
- Protect workers at unprotected sides/edges, leading edges, hoist areas, ramps, and excavation edges (1926.501(b))
- Cover or guard every floor hole and skylight: protection from falling through above 6 ft, and from stepping in at any height
- Related duties under neighboring standards: system criteria 1926.502, training 1926.503, scaffold fall protection 1926.451(g)
Who enforces it in Montana: Federal OSHA inspects private construction employers; Montana has no State Plan.
The compliance checklist, the paragraphs OSHA cites nationally and what an inspector checks under 29 CFR 1926.501 are on the 29 CFR 1926.501 page.
Most-Cited Fall Protection Paragraphs in Montana, FY2025
Federal OSHA issued 34 citations under 29 CFR 1926.501 to Montana construction employers in FY2025. The paragraphs cited most, with the official text. A serious violation carries up to $16,550.
- 1
1926.501(b)(13) Residential construction. 25 citations
“Each employee engaged in residential construction activities 6 feet (1.8 m) or more above lower levels shall be protected by guardrail systems, safety net system, or personal fall …”
- 2
1926.501(b)(10) Roofing work on Low-slope roofs. 4 citations
“Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each employee engaged in roofing activities on low-slope roofs, with unprotected sides and edges 6 feet (1.8 m) …”
- 3
1926.501(b)(1) Unprotected sides and edges. 3 citations
“Each employee on a walking/working surface (horizontal and vertical surface) with an unprotected side or edge which is 6 feet (1.8 m) or more above a lower level …”
- 4
1926.501(b)(11) Steep roofs. 2 citations
“Each employee on a steep roof with unprotected sides and edges 6 feet (1.8 m) or more above lower levels shall be protected from falling by guardrail systems …”
HazComFast count from the Labor Department's OSHA enforcement data: citations issued in FY2025 to construction employers (NAICS 23), by the paragraph cited. Paragraph text: eCFR, current as of September 24, 2026. data.dol.gov
Montana Safety & Enforcement Profile
26,559
Federal construction citations (national, FY2025)
91 of them in Montana (HazComFast count)
Federal OSHA
Enforces private construction
- Construction trades inspected most in Montana, FY2025: Roofing Contractors (41), Framing Contractors (13) and Siding Contractors (9), out of 89 inspections opened (federal OSHA and State Plan combined).
- Cited most under 29 CFR 1926.501 in Montana, FY2025: Roofing Contractors (25), Framing Contractors (5) and Siding Contractors (2), of 34 citations.
- Fatal injury rate in Montana, 2024: 5.8 per 100,000 full-time workers, all industries. BLS did not publish a 2024 construction rate here.
HazComFast count from the Labor Department's OSHA enforcement data: inspections of construction employers (NAICS 23) opened from October 1, 2024 to September 30, 2025, federal OSHA and State Plan combined, grouped by the inspected employer's 2022 NAICS industry. HazComFast count from the Labor Department's OSHA enforcement data: citations issued in FY2025 to construction employers (NAICS 23), grouped by the cited employer's 2022 NAICS industry. Industry names are the Census Bureau's 2022 NAICS titles. data.dol.gov · BLS fatality rates by state, 2024
Free Fall Protection Compliance Tools
Fall Protection FAQ for Montana
Which Montana construction trades are cited most under Fall Protection?
In FY2025, federal OSHA issued 34 citations under 29 CFR 1926.501 to Montana construction employers, most often to Roofing Contractors (25), Framing Contractors (5) and Siding Contractors (2) (HazComFast count from Labor Department enforcement data, by the cited employer's NAICS industry). Federal OSHA inspects these employers directly, since Montana has no state plan covering the private sector. For context, federal OSHA issued 91 citations across 62 inspections of Montana construction employers in FY2025 (HazComFast count from Labor Department enforcement data). Companies in these trades should self-audit against 29 CFR 1926.501 on a recurring basis.
How often is Fall Protection cited on Montana jobsites?
OSHA's cited-standards tool does not break Montana out, but the Labor Department's enforcement data do: in FY2025, federal OSHA issued 91 citations across 62 inspections of Montana construction employers, 34 of them under 29 CFR 1926.501 (HazComFast count). A Fall Protection citation in Montana can come from any inspection: programmed, complaint-driven or post-accident. Montana's fatality figures are shown above.
Who enforces fall protection on Montana construction sites?
Federal OSHA, not a state agency. Montana does not operate its own OSHA State Plan, so federal compliance officers from OSHA's Billings Area Office inspect and cite private construction under 29 CFR 1926.501, at federal penalties up to $16,550 serious and $165,514 willful/repeat.
Does Montana have its own OSHA program?
No. Montana has no OSHA-approved State Plan, so federal OSHA covers private-sector workers. Federal OSHA enforces the 29 CFR 1926 construction standards directly, including fall protection (1926.501), the construction standard OSHA cited most in FY2025.
Can I get free OSHA help in Montana without an inspection?
Yes. OSHA's On-Site Consultation Program in Montana is Montana Consultation Program (Montana Department of Labor & Industry - Safety & Health Bureau). OSHA describes it this way: "Primarily for smaller businesses, no-cost, confidential consultations help employers identify and address hazards and establish or improve safety and health programs." Consultations are separate from OSHA enforcement, and the employer commits to correcting serious hazards.
How often does federal OSHA cite 29 CFR 1926.501 in Montana construction?
In FY2025, federal OSHA cited 29 CFR 1926.501 (Fall Protection) 34 times in 34 inspections of Montana construction employers, with $90,409 in penalties at current amounts ($99,966 as first proposed), 37.4% of the 91 citations those inspections produced. No standard was cited more often there. (HazComFast count from U.S. Department of Labor OSHA enforcement data, retrieved 2026-09-26.)
Fall Protection Guides & Resources
Compare this combination against any other state and standard with the enforcement risk lookup.
Related standards
Fall Protection in Other States
14 other state plans write a rule of their own for 29 CFR 1926.501 rather than adopting the federal text unchanged. Those are listed first. Compare all of them side by side.
Alaska29 CFR 1926.501 as adopted by 8 AAC 61.1010(c), with 8 AAC 61.1150 for steel erectionCalifornia8 CCR §1670(a), with §1621(a) for railings and §1730 for roofingown maxHawaiiHAR §12-110-3, with the definition of "infeasible" at §12-110-50(b)(1)Kentucky803 KAR 2:412own maxMaryland29 CFR 1926.501 as adopted by COMAR 09.12.31.01, with COMAR 09.12.32.07own maxMichiganMIOSHA Construction Safety Standard Part 45, R 408.44501 to R 408.44502own maxMinnesota29 CFR 1926.501 as adopted by Minn. R. 5205.0010, subp. 6, with Minn. R. 5207.0250NevadaNRS 618.983 and NRS 618.987 (mandatory OSHA-10 and OSHA-30)
Other OSHA Standards in Montana
Sources & verification
Penalty amounts and plan-type data were checked on 2026-10-05 against eCFR, OSHA.gov, and the Federal Register. This page is informational and not legal advice; consult the enforcing agency or counsel for your specific situation.
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