In Alabama, a serious violation of 29 CFR 1910.132 (PPE General Requirements) carries a maximum penalty of $16,550 per violation in 2026, rising to $165,514 for a willful or repeat violation. PPE General Requirements is enforced for private construction employers by federal OSHA.
29 CFR 1910.132 · Alabama
PPE General Requirements Requirements in Alabama
PPE General Requirements in Alabama: 2026 penalties, who enforces 29 CFR 1910.132, the paragraphs cited and free tools.
Verified vs OSHA sources · 2026-10-05
AlabamaGeneral Industry (29 CFR 1910)Federal OSHA Jurisdiction
On construction work, 29 CFR 1926.95 and 1926.28(a) (Part 1926 Subpart E) govern instead of 29 CFR 1910.132. In Alabama, federal OSHA enforces 29 CFR 1910.132. The federal maximum for a serious violation is $16,550.
$16,550
federal maximum for a serious violation
$165,514
federal maximum for a willful or repeat violation
3.6
fatal work injuries per 100,000 full-time workers, all industries, Alabama, 2024 (BLS)
Federal OSHA in Alabama: 29 CFR 1910.132, FY2025
Counted · 2026-09-262
citations of 29 CFR 1910.132 in 2 inspections
$770
penalties, current amounts ($906 as first proposed)
0.2%
of the 883 federal construction citations in Alabama
In FY2025, federal OSHA cited 29 CFR 1910.132 (PPE General Requirements) 2 times in inspections of Alabama construction employers. It ranked 24th of the 48 standards cited in them. By classification: 2 other-than-serious. Most-cited paragraphs: 1910.132(d)(2) (1), 1910.132(d)(1) (1).
NAICS 23 classifies the employer, not the work. 29 CFR 1910.132 does not govern construction work, so these citations do not measure what happens on construction jobsites.
Counted by HazComFast from the U.S. Department of Labor's OSHA enforcement data (inspection and violation tables, retrieved September 26, 2026): citations issued October 1, 2024 – September 30, 2025 on federal OSHA inspections of construction employers (NAICS 23) in the state, deleted citations excluded, penalties at current amounts. OSHA's own cited-standards tool does not break federal states out; summed over every state, this count matches it within a few citations (6,778 for 1926.501, against 6,772). data.dol.gov
What federal OSHA is targeting in Alabama
Alabama has no state OSHA plan for private-sector work, so there is no state rule to read. What differs here is which hazards federal OSHA schedules inspections for, as set out in published emphasis directives.
Regional Emphasis Program (REP) for Noise Hazards
BHM-CPL-04-00-001 · Birmingham Regional Office · effective April 17, 2025
“This instruction applies to Birmingham, Jackson, and Mobile Area Offices.”
Noise is a named programmed-inspection target through the Birmingham, Jackson and Mobile offices. It reaches personal protective equipment because hearing protection selection and use is what a noise inspection examines first, and it reaches respiratory work because the same operations (grinding, cutting, abrasive blasting) can raise both exposures at once.
Regional Emphasis Program (REP) for Landscaping and Horticultural Services
BHM-CPL-04-00-003 · Birmingham Regional Office · effective April 17, 2025
“This instruction applies to the Birmingham, Mobile, Jackson, and Nashville Area Offices.”
Landscaping and horticultural services are programmed through the Birmingham and Mobile offices in Alabama and the Jackson office in Mississippi, under a directive effective April 17, 2025. With the region's noise and forklift programs, it is one of the Birmingham directives that reach Alabama and Mississippi. The region's construction LEP does not.
Contact incidents and work deaths in Alabama, 2024
Alabama recorded 75 fatal work injuries in 2024, the same as in 2023. Contact incidents caused 14 of them (19%). Construction accounted for 14.
Source: BLS Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, Alabama, 2024
How Alabama Enforces 29 CFR 1910.132
Alabama has no State Plan, so federal OSHA has jurisdiction. 29 CFR 1910.132 is enforced by U.S. Department of Labor compliance officers using standard federal procedures and the federal penalty maximums.
29 CFR 1910.132 is a general-industry standard and does not govern construction work: a particular Part 1926 standard covers the same ground and prevails over it. 1910.12(a) applies Part 1926 to every employee engaged in construction work, and 1910.5(c)(1) makes a specific standard prevail over a general one. Construction PPE is 29 CFR 1926 Subpart E, principally 1926.95, whose paragraph (a) is word-for-word identical to 1910.132(a), together with the duty clause at 1926.28(a). For construction work, the provisions to cite are 1926.95 and 1926.28(a), not 1910.132. An Alabama contractor auditing against 29 CFR 1910.132 is auditing against the wrong standard. The citation an officer writes on a construction site will name the 1926 provision, not this one.
Help and oversight in Alabama
Free, confidential help: OSHA On-Site Consultation
In Alabama, the program is Safe State Consultation Program (The University of Alabama). OSHA describes it as “Primarily for smaller businesses, no-cost, confidential consultations help employers identify and address hazards and establish or improve safety and health programs.” It is separate from OSHA enforcement; the employer commits to correcting serious hazards.
Who inspects private employers here
Federal OSHA, from the Birmingham Area Office (Birmingham) and the Mobile Area Office (Mobile).
Read on osha.gov and the state's official statute site, September 26, 2026.
Alabama Penalty Amounts for 29 CFR 1910.132 (2026)
Verified · 2026-10-05| Violation type | 2026 maximum | Basis |
|---|---|---|
| Serious | $16,550 | Federal max · 29 CFR 1903.15(d) |
| Willful | $165,514 | Federal max · 29 CFR 1903.15(d) |
| Repeat | $165,514 | Federal max · 29 CFR 1903.15(d) |
| Failure to abate | $16,550/day | up to $16,550 per day; total capped at 30x the daily amount (FOM Ch.6) |
Alabama applies the federal OSHA maximums. Amounts are ceilings per violation. Federal OSHA reduces the proposed penalty for employer size, good faith and history (FOM CPL 02-00-164 Ch. 6). There was no inflation increase for 2026: the 2025 amounts remain in effect (OMB Memo M-26-11).
Key PPE General Requirements Requirements 29 CFR 1910.132
- Conduct hazard assessment for PPE
- Select appropriate PPE for identified hazards
- Train employees on proper PPE use and care
- Provide PPE at no cost to employees
- Document hazard assessment in writing
- Maintain PPE in sanitary and reliable condition
Who enforces it in Alabama: Federal OSHA inspects private construction employers; Alabama has no State Plan.
The compliance checklist, the paragraphs OSHA cites nationally and what an inspector checks under 29 CFR 1910.132 are on the 29 CFR 1910.132 page.
What a PPE General Requirements Violation Looks Like
Each item below breaches a specific paragraph of 29 CFR 1910.132. It is a list of requirements, not a ranking. A serious violation carries up to $16,550.
- No workplace hazard assessment, or no written certification of it (1910.132(d)).
- PPE not provided where the hazard assessment shows it is needed (1910.132(d)(1)).
- Employees not trained on PPE use, limitations, and care (1910.132(f)).
- Requiring employees to pay for required PPE (1910.132(h)).
- PPE that does not fit or is not maintained in a sanitary, reliable condition (1910.132(a)/(e)).
Alabama Safety & Enforcement Profile
26,559
Federal construction citations (national, FY2025)
883 of them in Alabama (HazComFast count)
Federal OSHA
Enforces private construction
- Construction trades inspected most in Alabama, FY2025: Framing Contractors (179), Roofing Contractors (115) and Commercial and Institutional Building Construction (13), out of 387 inspections opened (federal OSHA and State Plan combined).
- Construction fatality rate in Alabama, 2024: 8.2 per 100,000 full-time workers, 27th highest of the 40 states BLS published (all industries: 3.6).
HazComFast count from the Labor Department's OSHA enforcement data: inspections of construction employers (NAICS 23) opened from October 1, 2024 to September 30, 2025, federal OSHA and State Plan combined, grouped by the inspected employer's 2022 NAICS industry. Industry names are the Census Bureau's 2022 NAICS titles. data.dol.gov · BLS fatality rates by state, 2024
Free PPE General Requirements Compliance Tools
PPE General Requirements FAQ for Alabama
Which Alabama industries most often face a PPE General Requirements inspection?
PPE General Requirements inspections reach general-industry employers in Alabama, not the construction trades. Federal OSHA inspects these employers directly, since Alabama has no state plan covering the private sector. A construction employer should not audit against 29 CFR 1910.132: the standard that governs the same work on a jobsite is 29 CFR 1926.95 and 1926.28(a) (Part 1926 Subpart E).
How often is PPE General Requirements cited in Alabama?
29 CFR 1910.132 is enforced against general-industry employers in Alabama, so the construction citation totals published for Alabama (OSHA Frequently Cited Standards, NAICS 23) do not measure it. 1910.12(a) applies Part 1926 to every employee engaged in construction work, and 1910.5(c)(1) makes a specific standard prevail over a general one. Construction PPE is 29 CFR 1926 Subpart E, principally 1926.95, whose paragraph (a) is word-for-word identical to 1910.132(a), together with the duty clause at 1926.28(a). For construction work, the provisions to cite are 1926.95 and 1926.28(a), not 1910.132. A construction employer should not audit against 29 CFR 1910.132: the standard that governs the same work on a jobsite is 29 CFR 1926.95 and 1926.28(a) (Part 1926 Subpart E).
Can I get free OSHA help in Alabama without an inspection?
Yes. OSHA's On-Site Consultation Program in Alabama is Safe State Consultation Program (The University of Alabama). OSHA describes it this way: "Primarily for smaller businesses, no-cost, confidential consultations help employers identify and address hazards and establish or improve safety and health programs." Consultations are separate from OSHA enforcement, and the employer commits to correcting serious hazards.
How often does federal OSHA cite 29 CFR 1910.132 in Alabama construction?
In FY2025, federal OSHA cited 29 CFR 1910.132 (PPE General Requirements) 2 times in 2 inspections of Alabama construction employers, with $770 in penalties at current amounts ($906 as first proposed), 0.2% of the 883 citations those inspections produced. It ranked 24th of the 48 standards cited. NAICS 23 classifies the employer, not the work: 29 CFR 1910.132 does not govern construction work itself. (HazComFast count from U.S. Department of Labor OSHA enforcement data, retrieved 2026-09-26.)
PPE General Requirements Guides & Resources
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Related standards
PPE General Requirements in Other States
17 other state plans write a rule of their own for 29 CFR 1910.132 rather than adopting the federal text unchanged. Those are listed first. Compare all of them side by side.
Alaska29 CFR 1910.132 as adopted by 8 AAC 61.1010(b), with the substitutions at (e)ArizonaA.A.C. R20-5-602, with the term substitutions at R20-5-606California8 CCR §1514 (construction) and §3380 (general industry)own maxHawaiiHAR §12-60-2(b)(1) and §12-110-2(b)(1)Indiana610 IAC 9-2-8, incorporating 29 CFR 1903.7 to 1903.22 as in effect January 1, 2006own maxIowa481—210.4(88), with the beryllium limits stated in 481—211.2(88)Maryland29 CFR 1910.132 as adopted by COMAR 09.12.31.01, with COMAR 09.12.32 Heat Stress Standardsown maxMichiganMIOSHA Construction Safety Standard Part 6, R 408.40601 to R 408.40636 (payment at R 408.40617a)own max
Other OSHA Standards in Alabama
Sources & verification
Penalty amounts and plan-type data were checked on 2026-10-05 against eCFR, OSHA.gov, and the Federal Register. This page is informational and not legal advice; consult the enforcing agency or counsel for your specific situation.
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