
Data & Research
How OSHA Actually Prices a Violation: The Gravity-Based Penalty, Decoded
OSHA does not pick a fine off the top of the $16,550 cap. It runs a two-stage formula: a Gravity-Based Penalty set by severity × probability, then a cascade of reductions for size, good faith, and history. Here is the actual 2026 matrix and how a $16,550 base becomes a much smaller check.
Jul 8, 2026
10 min read

Data & Research
The $7,000 vs. $25,000 Divide: How OSHA Penalty Caps Vary by State
Most people assume State-Plan OSHA programs are stricter than federal. The data says otherwise: the same serious violation is capped at $25,000 in California but just $7,000 in Michigan, Kentucky, Indiana, and Tennessee. Here is the verified 2026 penalty-cap map and why it matters.
Jul 8, 2026
11 min read