The Short Answer
GHS is the international system. HazCom is the U.S. law that implements it.
If you're a U.S. employer, you comply with HazCom (29 CFR 1910.1200). By doing so, you're automatically following the GHS framework that OSHA has adopted. You don't need to separately "comply with GHS" — it's built into HazCom.
What Is GHS?
The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) was developed by the United Nations in 2003. Its goal: create a single, worldwide system for:
Before GHS, every country had its own system. A "toxic" chemical in the U.S. might be labeled "harmful" in Europe and "dangerous" in Japan. GHS solved this by creating universal criteria.
GHS Key Elements
| Element | Description |
|---|---|
| 9 Pictograms | Red-bordered diamond symbols (skull & crossbones, flame, etc.) |
| 2 Signal Words | "Danger" (severe) or "Warning" (less severe) |
| Hazard Statements | Standardized H-codes (H302 = "Harmful if swallowed") |
| Precautionary Statements | P-codes (P264 = "Wash hands thoroughly after handling") |
| 16-Section SDS | Replaces the old MSDS format |
Learn more: [GHS Pictograms Explained](/blog/ghs-pictograms-explained-what-each-symbol-means)
What Is HazCom?
OSHA's Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) is the enforceable U.S. regulation. Originally enacted in 1983, it was updated in 2012 to align with GHS Rev 3, and again in 2024 to align with GHS Rev 7.
HazCom requires employers to:
1. Maintain a written HazCom program — Generate yours free: [HazCom Program Generator](/tools/hazcom-program-generator)
2. Keep SDS accessible for every hazardous chemical in the workplace
3. Label al